Abstract:
Urbanization is positively correlated to SOCIO-economlc development of any nation.
However, the rapid urban growth in Bangladesh has created an adverse effect to its
ove",11 urban environment. The various adverse effeds are mass poverty, prohferation of
slums and sqlJatters, inadequate supply of urban facilities such as water, electricIty,
garbage disposal, sanitation, sewerage, fuel for cooking etc., and degradatIon of soc1al,
neighborhood and pbysieal environment. The poor are the most unserved in respect of all
urban facilities. Dbaka, the Pnmate City of Bangladesh, wbere the level of urbanization
as well as the rate of urbanization is higher than other urban centers. In th,S city. 70
percent people live belo'" tbe poverty line and they arc far behind the urban facilities
according to the demand. Alter long years of Independcnee the urban and rural pove11y
rcmain statlC in tbis country though many efforts hme espccially been taken to eradicate
the rural poverty. On the other hand, urban poor are largely sufferers not only from
govenmlent reSOUrCeallocatl<m for them but also urban poverty alleviation programs,
The aim of this study 15to understand the Impacl of water supply and sanitation facilities
providcd by the Government Organi~ations (GOs) and Non-govermnent Organl~ations
(NGOs) fOTurban poor in Dhaka City. The present study has been made an attempt to
compare the GO managed and NGO managed wateT supply and sanitatlOn facilities on
the basis of types of f"cilllics, provision standard, performance standard, maintenance
and management, and coSI rccovery sy"tem. The study is based on questionnaire survey.
A total of 200 questionnaires have been admini,tered in four different sIte, m Dhaka
City. Among four sites two are GO managed and two are NGO managed. Meanwhl1e, the
various factllal data have been collected Irom secondary sources to know the present
status of water supply and sanitation situalion and activities of GOs and NGOs in these
sectors. In Ihe dala analysis, a satisfaction index and a priorily ranking techniqlle have
been adopted. The satisfaction index has been used 10 know the dwellers' satisfaction
about water supply and sanitation facilities and priority Tanking technique has been used
to rank Ihe problems faced by thc dwellers related to watcr supply and sanitation facilities
provided by different GOs and NGOs, Dwellers' are reaeled differentially w,th vanOUS
aspecls of water supply and sanitation facilitics provided by GOs and NGOs. In
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maximl.lm cases, the variables of water supply and sanitation facilities have been shown
the negative index of satisfaction. Various problems related to water supply and
sanitation facilities have been investIgated lhrough reconnaissance, community and
questionnaire survey and then the problems have been priority ranked. The development
of GO managed and NCO managed water supply and sanitation for urban poor in this
cIty greatly depend on the mitigation of problems on priorily basis. $0, there is an acute
need to address the problems faced by dwellers' on water supply and sanitation faeililies
provided by Gas and NGOs. The comparative sll.ldy has been tried to find out the
problems and prospects of management syslem of waler supply and sanitation facllities
for urban poor in Dhaka City provided by concerned Gas and NGOs. In this way, the
formulated policies may be helpful to lmpro~e the presenl conditions of water supply and
sanitation faeihties for urban poor in all over lhe country.
