Abstract:
Bangladesh is suffering from acute power crisis for a quite long time without any respite. The
Government of Bangladesh (GOB) is committed to provide affordable and reliable electricity to
all citizens by 2021. However, among the country’s 138 million people, only 43% has access to
electricity of 176 kWh at present. The power sector includes the generation, transmission, and
distribution of electricity among different holdings including residential, commercial, business
and service sectors under the guidance of the Power Division of the Ministry of Power, Energy,
and Mineral Resources (MPEMR). In the power sector, a number of problems have been
reported. These include adverse power crisis, widespread presence of corruption in the
procurement and distribution network, poor financial performances, high transmission and
distribution losses. Now shortage of conventional fuel is the major problem. Most of the power
stations of Bangladesh are based on non-renewable energy resources. Natural resources or nonrenewable
energy sources such as: fossil fuels, oil, natural gas etc. are completely used or
economically depleted. So this is the time to search such a system where the residential areas of
Bangladesh become Energy Neutral. This thesis demonstrates such a system in which an Energy
Neutral Home (ENH) is designed and implemented for rural areas of Bangladesh. The designed
system is able to meet the energy requirement with renewable energy resources without taking
any electricity from grid. In this research, biogas is used as primary renewable energy source for
the generation of electricity. Besides, this thesis includes the design and cost analysis of an ENH
system for an area of 200 houses with only biogas which has lower per unit cost of electricity, a
hybrid ENH system with two renewable sources (biogas and solar) and its feasibility study for
rural and urban areas, finally a load shedding backup ENH system with only human waste. This
research proves the importance of the ENH system all over the Bangladesh by giving an
excellent alternative of power generation on the present power crisis of Bangladesh.
