Abstract:
In this research a series of anchor pull out test are performed in the laboratory. These tests are
done using various types of sand at different density. In this project work, three types of
sands have been collected locally. These soils have been characterised in the laboratory.
Anchor shape and size as well as depth of embedment of anchor are also varied during
carrying out the model test. Pullout load is applied on the horizontal anchor plate by an
incremental manner. The load is transmitted through a smooth wire attached to the anchor
piates. Vertical movements of the anchor plate after each load increment is measured. Loads
are applied in incremental manner till failures are observed. The load-displacement behaviour
of anchor plates, variation of displacement with embedment ratio, variation of breakout factor
with embedment ratio and anchor size and shapes have also been studied. The results of
model tests are compared with various theoretical analyses. From the test results, it has been
observed that the load-displacement behaviour of anchor plates is consistent with most of the
similar investigations (Dickin,1988; Kulhawy et al. 1987; Rowe and Davies 1982). Failure
modes of the anchors observed are fully consistent with almost all the available similar tests
(Dickin,1988; Rowe and Davies 1982; Kulhawy et al. 1987; Ghaly and Hanna, 1994).
Variations of breakout factor and displacement with embedment ratio also qualitatively
satisfy most of the theoretical observations (Ghaly and Hanna, 1994; Clemence et aI, 1977)
and similar test results.
