Double diffusive natural convection in a porous triangular enclosure filled with nanofluid in presence of magnetic field and heat generation

Abstract

Double-diffusive natural convection in a porous triangular enclosure filled with nanofluid in presence of magnetic field and heat generation is studied numerically. The bottom wall of the cavity is heated uniformly and higher concentrated, the left inclined wall is non-isothermal and non-isoconcentrated and the right inclined wall is cold and lower concentrated. A magnetic field is applied along the negative ����-axis direction. The enclosure is filled with ��������������������–water nanofluid which is electrically conducted fluid so that the magnetic field effect is noticeable. The physical problem is presented mathematically by different set of governing equations along with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions. Using a class of appropriate transformations, the governing equations along with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions are transformed into non-dimensional form, which are then solved by employing a finite element method based on the Galerkin Weighted Residual technique. Numerical calculation is carried out for different parameters namely, Heat generation parameter (0 ≤ ���� ≤ 20), Lewis number (0.1 ≤ �������� ≤ 20), Buoyancy ratio (−10 ≤ ���� ≤ 10), Solid volume fraction (0 ≤ ���� ≤ 0.2), Hartmann number (0 ≤ �������� ≤ 120) and thermal Rayleigh number (10���� ≤ ������������ ≤ 10����). The velocity profile as streamlines, temperature distribution as isothermal lines, mass distribution as isoconcentration lines, the heat and mass transfer in terms of average Nusselt number and average Sherwood number inside the cavity are shown graphically.