Abstract:
In multi-hop Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), nodes closer to Base Station (BS)
need to relay tra c from other nodes of the network which makes their energy
depleted very fast and may cause an energy hole in the network. Moreover, energy
consumption among nodes is not balanced due to non-uniform distribution of nodes
and it causes some node to drain out their energy faster than other nodes in the
network. In WSN, this energy hole problem plays a key factor to reduce the lifetime
of the network as data cannot be sent from other sensor nodes to the BS although
the residual energy in the network remains high. Some techniques to alleviate the
energy hole problem include using a mobile sink, extending transmission range, and
deploying redundant of the node near to the Sink. But the load of each node is still
unbalanced and high energy consumption node die early. In order to reduce energy
holes in the network, a new scheme WEMER based on WEdge MERging, is proposed
here. In WEMER, the whole network is divided into many small equiangular wedges.
When the residual energy of all the nodes within a wedge becomes less than 40% of
their initial energy, thereby increasing the probability of energy holes creation, this
wedge merges with the neighboring wedge to thwart the energy holes formation.
Simulation results show that proposed scheme balances the energy consumption
among nodes and achieves much longer lifetime than the contemporary schemes like
Power E cient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS) , Concentric
Clustering Scheme (CCS) and Multilayer Cluster Designing Algorithm (MCDA).
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