Hemodynamic blood flow through human artery of composite geometry under the effect of applied magnetic field

Abstract

A finite element Fluid-Structure-Interaction (FSI) model is developed and validated for hemodynamic pulsatile blood flow through a stenosed artery under the effect of an applied magnetic field. The two-layered blood flow is considered with a core layer of suspension of all erythrocytes assumed to be a non-Newtonian Casson fluid and a peripheral layer of plasma, free from cells, as a Newtonian fluid. The model is considered for the 2D idealized elastic arteries. The blood flow is characterized as a steady, laminar, incompressible and unidirectional flow velocity at the inflow and various values of blood-pressure at the outflow, while the arterial walls as well as the surrounding muscles are modeled as a hyperelastic neo-Hookean material and results are obtained for axial velocities, total flow rate, pressure gradient, Wall Shear Stresses (WSS) and solid displacement due to blood pulse. The result shows significant strengthened WSS at the stenotic regions and weakened WSS at the distal side of stenosis neck. It is found that the increase in stenosis size (height) increases the pressure drop and WSS, whereas average velocity and flow rate decrease. The wall deformation and WSS play important roles in the flow mechanics of blood in the stenotic vessel. It is also observed that the fluid velocity and flow rate were reduced when the magnetic field was introduced as well as when its intensity was increased, while WSS was increased with the increase of Hartmann number (Ha). This work may enhance to work upon the strength of magnetic field to regulate the blood flow in hypertensive patients and those who have blockage in their arteries.