Design and optimization of high performances organic methylammonium tin iodide perovskite solar cell

Abstract

Perovskite materials can be regarded as fundamental to the photovoltaic industry due to their exceptional electronic, optical, mechanical, and electrical properties.Methylammonium tin iodide (CH3NH3SnI3)emerges as a promising and competitive absorber material for perovskite solar cells.An organic, lead-free, n-i-p planar perovskite solar cell based on CH3NH3SnI3 was demonstrated in this work using a solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS). A cell design of FTO/ETL/CH3NH3SnI3/HTL/Au has been investigated for this study where the front contact layer consisted of Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) with different competent hole transport layers (HTLs) like spiro-OMeTAD (C81H68N4O8), copper iodide (CuI) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O), and electron transport layers (ETLs) of zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO2), and tin-oxide (SnO2).Upon evaluating different solar cell configurations, it is observed that the FTO/ZnO/CH3NH3SnI3/Cu2O/Au configuration demonstrates better performance than other combinations, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.16%, a fill factor (FF) of 81.23%, a short circuit current density (JSC) of 31.06 mA/cm2, and an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.88V.A detailed analysis has been performed on the role of thickness, electron affinity, doping concentration of the perovskite layer, ETL, HTL, defect density of the perovskite layer, series and shunt resistance,and temperature on the performanceof perovskite solar cell.For optimum conditions, the PCE is around 26.55%,accompanied by FF 85.58%, VOC 1.03V,JSC30.14mA/cm2, and quantum efficiency of 80%90%. This model shows the prospect of CH3NH3SnI3as a perovskite material to produce toxic-free, environment-friendly solar cells with high efficiency.