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Bio-heat transfer indicates the transfer of heat between biological organisms. It has become quite attractive to people in different professions due to widespread application in different fields. Analyzing bio-heat transfer to human skin in various burning conditions can provide effective treatment for burn injuries. For a long time, many researchers have been researching to determine the proper temperature of burn injuries. By analyzing the exact temperature of the burn injury, the impact of the burn injury can be reduced. In this thesis, a three-dimensional model of human skin consisting of epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layers are considered. The physical problems are represented mathematically by different sets of governing equations along with the corresponding boundary conditions. To analyze the effect of burn injury on human skin Penne’s unsteady bio- heat equation is considered as a governing equation and to calculate the burn intensity on skin Henrique’s burn integral equation can be used which relates the temperature with burn intensity. Flash fire boundary condition applied for a short time (10 seconds) and then zero flux condition applied for the cooling period (50 seconds) to solve the governing equation Finite Element method (FEM) is used. The effects of different heat fluxes, different thermal conductivities and specific heats of different skin layers are analyzed. Time to 1st degree burn, 2nd degree and 3rd degree burns are predicted for different heat fluxes. The results can be useful for analyzing burn injuries caused by flash fire and to make protective clothing. |
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